|
''Latrodectus mactans'', or Southern black widow or simply black widow, is a highly venomous species of spider in the genus ''Latrodectus''. They are well known for the distinctive black and red coloring of the female of the species that will occasionally eat her mate after reproduction. The species is native to North America. The venom is seldom fatal to healthy humans.〔http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/2061A.html〕 ==Taxonomy== ''Latrodectus mactans'' was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775, placing it in the genus ''Aranea''.〔Fabricius, J. C. 1775. ''Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis, synonymis, locis descriptionibus observationibus''. Flensburg and Lipsiae, 832 pp. (Araneae, pp. 431-441). ()〕 It is currently placed amongst the Theridiidae family of the order Araneae.〔Platnick, N. I.2008. The World Spider Catalog, version 9.0. American Museum of Natural History. ()〕 The species is closely related to ''Latrodectus hesperus'' (western black widow) and ''Latrodectus variolus'' (northern black widow). Members of the three species are often confused with the genus ''Steatoda'', the False Widows. Prior to 1970, when the current taxonomic divisions for North American black widows were set forth by Kaston, all three varieties were classified as a single species, ''L. mactans''. As a result, there exist numerous references which claim that "black widow" (without any geographic modifier) applies to ''L. mactans'' alone. Common usage of the term "black widow" makes no distinction between the three species. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Latrodectus mactans」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|